Scientific Research      Many eminent scholars at home and abroad, inspired by the unique geology and structures in the Zhongnanshan Mountain, came here to make investigation and research into the basic geology, the formation and evolution of the Qinling orogenic zone such as F. V. Richthofen from German in 1886, B. Willlis and E. Blackwelder from the U.S.A. in 1903, Zhao Yazeng, Huang Jiqing, Zhang Bosheng, Ye Lianjun, Guan Shicong, Yang Zhongjian, Pei Wenzhong, Jia Lanpo, Li Chunyu, Liu Dongsheng and Zhang Zonghu from China. Since 1950’s, in light of new theories and methods, scholars from universities, scientific research and geological survey organizations have done a series of researches on the Qinling orogenic zone. The renowned scholars Xu Zhiqin, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Zonghu, Yuan Xuecheng, Liu Dunyi and Lu Xinxiang have published over 100 monographs and over 3,000 papers in home and abroad. The QOB became a favorable base for research and practice of new theories and methods in geosciences for a long-term. In the 1920’s, Weng Wenhao considered it to be a Yanshan orogenic zone (J2-K2) and in 1940’s, Huang Jiqing deemed it a Variscan orogenic zone. During the 1950’s and the 1960’s, the genesis and evolution of the Qinling orogenic zone had been explored and studied on the basis of different tectonic viewpoints, such as the Geosynclines Theory from abroad, the Wave Mosaic Structure Theory of Zhang Bosheng, the Geomechanics of Li Siguang and the Diwa Theory of Chen Guoda. Since the 1970’s, geologists began to use the plate tectonics viewpoint to research on the Qinling orogenic zone. Prof. Zhang Guowei, an academician of ACS (Chinese Academy of Science) organized and accomplished a research project titled “Evolution and Metallogenic Background of Lithosphere Structures in the Qinling orogenic zone”, which was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. He has proposed new cognitions and viewpoints on the Qinling tectonics, thus making a mighty advance on the scientific significance of the Qinling Mountains. Featured with the unique natural conditions, the humanity history, the evident zonation of soils and plants, the rare and endangered animals and plants, the range of Qinling Mountains has become a perfect place for research on geography, climate, and biological varieties, ecology, environment and humanity cultures.